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- Installing a MySQL Binary Distribution
- --------------------------------------
-
- See also *Note Windows binary installation::, *Note Linux-RPM::, and
- *Note Building clients::.
-
- You need the following tools to install a MySQL binary distribution:
-
- * GNU `gunzip' to uncompress the distribution.
-
- * A reasonable `tar' to unpack the distribution. GNU `tar' is known
- to work. Sun `tar' is known to have problems.
-
- An alternative installation method under Linux is to use RPM-based (RPM
- Package Manager) distributions. *Note Linux-RPM::.
-
- If you run into problems, *please always use `mysqlbug'* when posting
- questions to <mysql@lists.mysql.com>. Even if the problem isn't a bug,
- `mysqlbug' gathers system information that will help others solve your
- problem. By not using `mysqlbug', you lessen the likelihood of getting
- a solution to your problem! You will find `mysqlbug' in the `bin'
- directory after you unpack the distribution. *Note Bug reports::.
-
- The basic commands you must execute to install and use a MySQL binary
- distribution are:
-
- shell> groupadd mysql
- shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
- shell> cd /usr/local
- shell> gunzip < /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf -
- shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
- shell> cd mysql
- shell> scripts/mysql_install_db
- shell> chown -R root .
- shell> chown -R mysql data
- shell> chgrp -R mysql .
- shell> bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &
- or
- shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
- if you are running MySQL 4.x
-
- You can add new users using the `bin/mysql_setpermission' script if you
- install the `DBI' and `Msql-Mysql-modules' Perl modules.
-
- A more detailed description follows.
-
- To install a binary distribution, follow these steps, then proceed to
- *Note Post-installation::, for post-installation setup and testing:
-
- 1. Pick the directory under which you want to unpack the
- distribution, and move into it. In the following example, we
- unpack the distribution under `/usr/local' and create a directory
- `/usr/local/mysql' into which MySQL is installed. (The following
- instructions, therefore, assume you have permission to create
- files in `/usr/local'. If that directory is protected, you will
- need to perform the installation as `root'.)
-
- 2. Obtain a distribution file from one of the sites listed in *Note
- Getting MySQL: Getting MySQL.
-
- MySQL binary distributions are provided as compressed `tar'
- archives and have names like `mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz', where
- `VERSION' is a number (for example, `3.21.15'), and `OS' indicates
- the type of operating system for which the distribution is intended
- (for example, `pc-linux-gnu-i586').
-
- 3. If you see a binary distribution marked with the `-max' suffix,
- this means that the binary has support for transaction-safe tables
- and other features. *Note `mysqld-max': mysqld-max. Note that all
- binaries are built from the same MySQL source distribution.
-
- 4. Add a user and group for `mysqld' to run as:
-
- shell> groupadd mysql
- shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
-
- These commands add the `mysql' group and the `mysql' user. The
- syntax for `useradd' and `groupadd' may differ slightly on
- different versions of Unix. They may also be called `adduser' and
- `addgroup'. You may wish to call the user and group something
- else instead of `mysql'.
-
- 5. Change into the intended installation directory:
-
- shell> cd /usr/local
-
- 6. Unpack the distribution and create the installation directory:
-
- shell> gunzip < /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf -
- shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
-
- The first command creates a directory named `mysql-VERSION-OS'.
- The second command makes a symbolic link to that directory. This
- lets you refer more easily to the installation directory as
- `/usr/local/mysql'.
-
- 7. Change into the installation directory:
-
- shell> cd mysql
-
- You will find several files and subdirectories in the `mysql'
- directory. The most important for installation purposes are the
- `bin' and `scripts' subdirectories.
-
- `bin'
- This directory contains client programs and the server You
- should add the full pathname of this directory to your `PATH'
- environment variable so that your shell finds the MySQL
- programs properly. *Note Environment variables::.
-
- `scripts'
- This directory contains the `mysql_install_db' script used to
- initialise the `mysql' database containing the grant tables
- that store the server access permissions.
-
- 8. If you would like to use `mysqlaccess' and have the MySQL
- distribution in some non-standard place, you must change the
- location where `mysqlaccess' expects to find the `mysql' client.
- Edit the `bin/mysqlaccess' script at approximately line 18.
- Search for a line that looks like this:
-
- $MYSQL = '/usr/local/bin/mysql'; # path to mysql executable
-
- Change the path to reflect the location where `mysql' actually is
- stored on your system. If you do not do this, you will get a
- `Broken pipe' error when you run `mysqlaccess'.
-
- 9. Create the MySQL grant tables (necessary only if you haven't
- installed MySQL before):
- shell> scripts/mysql_install_db
-
- Note that MySQL versions older than Version 3.22.10 started the
- MySQL server when you run `mysql_install_db'. This is no longer
- true!
-
- 10. Change ownership of binaries to `root' and ownership of the data
- directory to the user that you will run `mysqld' as:
-
- shell> chown -R root /usr/local/mysql/.
- shell> chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data
- shell> chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/.
-
- The first command changes the `owner' attribute of the files to the
- `root' user, the second one changes the `owner' attribute of the
- data directory to the `mysql' user, and the third one changes the
- `group' attribute to the `mysql' group.
-
- 11. If you want to install support for the Perl `DBI'/`DBD' interface,
- see *Note Perl support::.
-
- 12. If you would like MySQL to start automatically when you boot your
- machine, you can copy `support-files/mysql.server' to the location
- where your system has its startup files. More information can be
- found in the `support-files/mysql.server' script itself and in
- *Note Automatic start::.
-
-
- After everything has been unpacked and installed, you should initialise
- and test your distribution.
-
- You can start the MySQL server with the following command:
-
- shell> bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &
-
- Now proceed to *Note `safe_mysqld': safe_mysqld, and *Note
- Post-installation::.
-
-